Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Signs and symptoms include irregular or absent menstrual periods, heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, infertility, and excess hair growth. PCOS can also cause problems with your periods and make it difficult to get pregnant. PCOS can also cause changes in the way your body handles insulin, which can lead to type 2 diabetes.
Signs and symptoms
There is no single cause of Polycystic ovary syndrome, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The most common risk factor for PCOS is having a family member with the condition.
Signs and symptoms of PCOS can include:
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Irregular periods or no periods at all
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Heavy bleeding during periods
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Weight gain
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Difficulty getting pregnant
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Excess hair growth on the face, chest, back, or stomach
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Thinning hair on the head
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Oily skin or acne
Causes
Polycystic ovary syndrome is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors.
Risk factors
Risk factors for Polycystic ovary syndrome include:
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Family history of PCOS
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Obesity
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Insulin resistance
Prevention
Polycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by a combination of hormonal imbalances, enlarged ovaries with small cysts, and other symptoms such as irregular menstrual periods, acne, and excess body hair growth. While there is no known cure for PCOS, there are several lifestyle modifications that can help prevent or reduce the severity of the condition. These include maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, eating a nutrient-dense diet, reducing stress levels, and getting enough sleep. Additionally, certain supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids, magnesium, and vitamin D may help to reduce symptoms.
Diagnosis
Polycystic ovary syndrome is diagnosed based on a woman's symptoms and physical exam. Blood tests, ultrasound, and other imaging tests may be used to rule out other conditions.
Treatment
There is no cure for Polycystic ovary syndrome, but treatment can help manage the symptoms.
Treatment Polycystic ovary syndrome may include:
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birth control pills
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anti-androgen medication
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insulin-sensitizing medication
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lifestyle changes.
Coping and support
Polycystic ovary syndrome can cause a variety of emotional and mental health problems. Coping and support can help women deal with these challenges.
Complications
Polycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by a number of symptoms, including irregular or absent menstrual periods, excessive hair growth, acne, and fertility issues. PCOS can also lead to other medical complications such as diabetes, high blood pressure, infertility, sleep apnea, and depression. Health complications associated with PCOS may vary from woman to woman, but all are serious and should be taken seriously.
